There are several types of calibrations, each tailored to meet specific requirements and standards across various industries and applications. Here are some common types of calibrations:

1. Functional Calibration:

   • Functional calibration verifies that an instrument or device performs its intended function accurately. It involves testing the instrument under normal operating conditions to ensure it meets performance specifications.

2. Linearity Calibration:

   • Linearity calibration evaluates the linearity of an instrument's response across its measurement range. It involves comparing the instrument's output readings to reference standards at multiple points to assess its linearity and identify any non-linearities.

3. Zero and Span Calibration:

   • Zero and span calibration involves adjusting the zero and span settings of an instrument to ensure accurate measurements. Zero calibration sets the instrument's output to zero when no input is present, while span calibration adjusts the instrument's sensitivity or measurement range.

4. Static Calibration:

   • Static calibration involves calibrating an instrument under stable and stationary conditions. It is suitable for instruments that measure static or slow-changing parameters, such as temperature, pressure, or humidity.

5. Dynamic Calibration:

   • Dynamic calibration evaluates an instrument's response to changing or dynamic input conditions. It assesses the instrument's accuracy, response time, and dynamic performance under varying operating conditions.

6. In-Process Calibration:

   • In-process calibration verifies the accuracy of instruments while they are in operation within a production process or system. It ensures that instruments maintain their accuracy and reliability during real-world use.

7. On-Site Calibration:

   • On-site calibration involves calibrating instruments at their location in the field or on-site. It eliminates the need to remove instruments from their operating environment, reducing downtime and disruption to operations.

8. Off-Site Calibration:

   • Off-site calibration involves sending instruments to a calibration laboratory or service provider for calibration. It provides access to specialized equipment, expertise, and controlled environments for accurate and traceable calibrations.

9. Primary Calibration:

   • Primary calibration involves calibrating instruments directly against primary reference standards or physical constants. It is typically performed in specialized laboratories with highly accurate reference standards.

10. Secondary Calibration:

    • Secondary calibration involves calibrating instruments using traceable reference standards calibrated against primary standards. It provides a lower level of accuracy compared to primary calibration but still ensures traceability to recognized standards.

11. Interlaboratory Calibration:

    • Interlaboratory calibration involves comparing calibration measurements between different calibration laboratories to assess consistency and traceability. It helps ensure the reliability and accuracy of calibration services across different facilities.

12. Traceability Calibration:

    • Traceability calibration establishes a documented chain of calibrations and measurements that trace back to national or international standards. It ensures that calibration results are reliable, consistent, and traceable to recognized standards.

These are just some of the common types of calibrations used in various industries and applications. The specific type of calibration required depends on the instrument, its intended use, accuracy requirements, and industry standards or regulations.