A dome valve is a type of valve designed specifically for handling abrasive or abrasive-containing materials in pneumatic conveying systems. It is commonly used in industries such as power generation, cement production, mining, and chemical processing where the handling of abrasive materials poses challenges for traditional valves. Dome valves are characterized by their unique dome-shaped sealing element, which separates the process material from the valve mechanism, providing reliable shut-off and preventing material buildup or blockages. Here are the features and principles of dome valves:

1. Features:

   • Dome-shaped sealing element: The distinctive dome-shaped seal provides a self-cleaning action as the valve operates, preventing material buildup and ensuring reliable sealing even in abrasive service conditions.
   • Abrasion-resistant construction: Dome valves are constructed with materials such as hardened steel, ceramic, or abrasion-resistant coatings to withstand the erosive effects of abrasive materials.
   • Full bore design: Dome valves typically have a full bore opening, allowing for unobstructed flow of materials through the valve without flow restrictions or dead zones.
   • Quick-acting operation: Dome valves can operate quickly, providing rapid opening and closing action to minimize material leakage and maintain process efficiency.
   • Minimal maintenance requirements: Due to their robust construction and self-cleaning design, dome valves require minimal maintenance and are suitable for continuous operation in demanding industrial environments.

2. Principle:

   • The principle of operation of a dome valve involves the movement of a dome-shaped sealing element to control the flow of materials through the valve body.
   • In the closed position, the dome seal sits tightly against the valve seat, preventing the passage of material through the valve.
   • When the valve is actuated to open, the dome seal lifts away from the valve seat, allowing material to flow through the full bore opening of the valve body.
   • As the material flows through the valve, the dome seal provides a self-cleaning action, preventing material buildup or blockages that could impair valve performance.
   • When the valve is actuated to close, the dome seal returns to its seated position, forming a tight seal against the valve seat to shut off the flow of material.

Overall, dome valves offer reliable and efficient handling of abrasive materials in pneumatic conveying systems, providing tight shut-off, minimal maintenance, and long service life in demanding industrial applications. Their unique dome-shaped sealing element and full bore design make them well-suited for handling abrasive materials without compromising performance or reliability.